Category: National Economy

US Construction Prospects Brighten

Yesterday’s news from the AIA underscores how strong the demand for new construction is throughout the US. AIA’s Architectural Billings Index (ABI) for June rose to 55.7, the highest level since 2007. The survey of firms indicates that 55.7% saw billings rise in June, an unusually high number.

The four-month trend for billings and inquiries is sharply higher.
The four-month trend for billings and inquiries is sharply higher.

A dive into the numbers shows that it’s institutional and government projects that are leading the way, with commercial real estate development also above 50. One noteworthy change was a decline to 47 for firms engaged in multi-family projects, an indication that planning for apartments may finally be cooling. As an indicator, the ABI is a reliable forecasting tool for the 9-12 months forward.

In project news regionally, the design/build team of Mascaro/Tetra Tech was selected by Penn State for its $6.6 million Ag Digester & Dairy Barn. PSU also short-listed Barton Malow, Gilbane, Turner and Whiting-Turner for its $100 million Chemical-Bio Engineering Building. Horizon Properties was selected to redevelop the former Star Theater into a town center in South Fayette Township. The state of WV selected alternates that made Paramount Builders the successful contractor on the $33.2 million State Office Building #3 in Charleston. Oxford is working with Massaro Corp. to build its $20 million, 146-unit Emerald on Centre apartments in East Liberty.

Great Jobs Reports

This morning’s report on May job creation was well above the expectations of various economists. The Dept. of Labor Statistics reported 280,000 new jobs created in May. That followed on the heels of ADP’s report on Wednesday of 210,000 private sector jobs added and a PA Dept. of Labor report that Metro Pittsburgh saw 24,000 jobs added in May.

The raw numbers were good but ther were some more subtle improvements within today’s report. The majority of which were in service, healthcare and education – all higher paying jobs – and the average wage showed a 2.3% increase year-over-year. That’s an expansion of the trend of growing wage rates. Another good number was the increase in the unemployment rate to 5.5%. That indicates that the stronger labor market is attracting more permanent workers who weren’t in the market to look for jobs.

May's job creation continues a pattern of strong recovery from the weak winter economy.
May’s job creation continues a pattern of strong recovery from the weak winter.

Although the regional bid market is still seasonally slow, there is movement on some of the higher-profile jobs. Some preliminary pricing is being done on the complicated re-purposing of the upper floors at the Macy’s Building. CMU has let contracts for the extension of its utilities infrastructure to prepare for construction new utility service north of Forbes for the Tepper Quad. While there is no confirmation from anyone involved in the Google TI at Bakery Square 2.0, it appears that PJ Dick has been selected to do the build-out. PJ Dick has also been selected as construction mgr. for the $12 million, 50,000 sq. ft. new school for the Watson Institute in South Fayette Township. Work has started on the $12.4 million McKee Elementary School in West Allegheny School District. Hudson Construction is the general contractor.

Rendering by McLean Architects of the new Watson Institute school in South Fayette.
Rendering by McLean Architects of the new Watson Institute school in South Fayette.

Labor Market News: Not So Good Friday

This morning’s announcement from the Labor Department echoed the private payrolls report by ADP earlier this week: hiring has slowed. Government data for March showed 126,000 new jobs, roughly half the number that was the consensus estimate of economists surveyed by the Wall Street Journal. Hiring for January and February were revised downward as well, leaving an average gain of 197,000 jobs/month during the first quarter.

The causes of the slowed pace of hiring aren’t clear. Poor weather slashed demand for construction, hospitality, retail and other consumer businesses. Earnings growth has slowed, leaving less cash for growing payrolls. There is also the tightening labor pool, which was reflected in the unexpected wage hikes for McDonald’s and WalMart recently. If businesses can’t attract workers, they won’t be adding new jobs. As with all monthly economic news, more time is needed to understand if we’re in a slowing trend or a seasonal variation.

In a slow construction news week the biggest news was the selection of Massaro as the construction manager at-risk for the new $21 million, 250,000 sq. ft. Ensinger Plastics plant in South Strabane Twp. Penn State had made selections on the final pieces of its big push for professional services from the winter. The team of EYP Architects and DPR Construction was selected for the $30 million AgEngineering Building, the first true integrated project delivery project to be done at PSU. HOK’s New York office was chosen to design the $100 million chemical engineering/biomedical engineering building and Populous was awarded the design contract for the Lasch Football Building renovation.

Tall Timber’s preliminary research of building permit offices showed close to $700 million in construction contracting during the first quarter, a robust start to the year. Following a $900 million fourth quarter of 2014, construction is heading for an upward trend in work.

The Fed and Interest Rates

Wednesday’s release from the two-day Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve confirmed what had been expected since the beginning of the tapering of the easing began in winter 2014. Citing strong job gains and continued economic improvement, Fed Chair Janet Yellen reported that the FOMC concluded that the U. S. could tolerate slightly higher borrowing costs. In signaling that it would raise rates – probably in June – the Fed also estimated that its funds rate would only climb to 0.625% by December. That’s roughly half what it estimated the rate would be just three months ago.

So what we got was rates going up sooner but slower. The investment markets seemed to like that kind of certainty, reversing early day losses and finishing up more than 200 points higher.

For a little perspective check out the graph below that shows interest rates for the past couple generations. At four times the current rate level, interest rates would still be lower than 42 of the last 50 years. Still a good time to borrow.

Federal_Funds_Rate_1954_thru_2009_effective.svg

Jobs Report Wows Again

This morning’s report on employment from the Bureau of Labor Statistics showed an economy strengthening more rapidly than even optimistic economists believed. For January the BLS reported 257,000 new jobs, well above the estimates. More importantly, the BLS revised its earlier estimates for November and December to 329,000 and 423,000 respectively. That is 147,000 more jobs than reported in an already strong fourth quarter. The average monthly jobs gain for that quarter was 336,000, the highest since 1997.

Jobs-Added-Jobs

As upbeat as the hiring data was, the report’s only negative note was actually the most positive. Unemployment rose from 5.6% to 5.7%. That uptick in unemployment was due to over 700,000 workers returning to the market. While many of those returning did not yet find employment, the labor participation rate jumped to 62.9%.

Investors may react to the news negatively because it may signal an earlier move by the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates but as a barometer on the health of the economy, the increased pace of hiring has little but positive ripples.

The Data Doesn’t Lie

Even with the surprisingly strong fourth quarter for contracting, most involved in the construction industry will find 2014 a bit disappointing when the dust settles (especially when the financials are reported). That will be less because of the performance of the market than the underachieved potential.

The last quarter of 2013 showed real economic promise. National GDP was up 3.7% and job creation in Pittsburgh was estimated at 18,000 jobs for the year. That potential for loosening the market just didn’t kick in during 2014. Or at least it didn’t feel that way. The numbers mostly back up that disappointment, although they tell a mixed story.

Non-residential structures totaled $2.77 billion in 2014. That’s a mere $5 million below the $2.82 billion of 2013 but given the outlook coming into 2014, flat was disappointing. The residential market may appear way off the 2013 levels, falling over 24% year-over-year. But much of that decline is due to a 30% drop in multi-family starts to 2,572 units. That’s actually a pretty healthy year in Pittsburgh but the 2013 total of 3,838 dwarfs that number. It’s worth noting that the 2013 total was a 239% increase over 2012 and 2,572 units tops every other year going back to 1995 by at least 15%. More about the apartment market in a future post.

Total Pittsburgh MSA 2014 1,971 2,902 4,873
Total Pittsburgh MSA 2013 2,164 3,838 6,002
% Change -8.9% -24.4% -18.8%

There were over $900 million in non-residential starts in the 4th quarter of 2014. That’s a good start for backlogs. While the bid market isn’t racing out of the chute in the first 2 weeks of the year, more than $250 million has already been awarded or started already in 2015.

Last week NAIOP Pittsburgh presented PNC’s Gus Faucher talking about the economic outlook for 2015. Faucher was very upbeat, mostly because of the improved job market, lower gas prices and the lack of any economic headwinds from consumer or government de-leveraging. PNC is predicting GDP growth above 3%, even with the global economy tanking.  It’s worth pointing out that PNC’s Kurt Rankin was the one economist willing to say that he thought surprises in 2014 would be to the upside and he turned out to be very accurate in guessing what those upside numbers would be.

Business wasn’t as bad in 2014 as it felt. One of the tougher tasks of business is separating emotion from reality and that cuts both ways of course. My forecast for 2015 is that it will be a breakout year. That doesn’t mean gangbusters necessarily. I think too much Pittsburgh business is tied up in global business for the Pittsburgh economy to not be impacted a little by the world’s problems. But I do think that 2015 will be the year that we see the long-term optimism about Pittsburgh and its maturing technology and energy industries translate into bricks and mortar.

A Big Third Quarter

The government’s December 23 final estimate of GDP growth for the third quarter was a massive 5.0% surprise to the upside for the economy. The original estimate in October was 3.1%, which was later upped to 3.9% in November when the Commerce Dept. uncovered surprisingly higher healthcare, consumer and business spending. Using a more thorough survey methodology, Commerce research showed that those estimates were low as well.

The big jump in the third quarter can be attributed to higher business investment, which bodes well for construction and real estate. The biggest driver was the jump in consumer spending, which is a double-edged sword. Here’s what a closer look shows:

Consumer spending has risen somewhat because of better confidence in the future but most of the increase is probably related to the plunge in gasoline prices. The increase in consumer spending was 3.2% or slightly less than $100 billion in the quarter. Gas prices have dropped almost 90 cents during the quarter. The rule of thumb historically is that one penny in gas price decline yields a billion dollars in spending increase. That formula would explain most of the spending increase.

Consumers could also have used that increased disposable income to save more or pay down more debt. Neither of those things happened in the third quarter; in fact, the savings rate declined to 4.1%.

The last time that GDP growth was as strong as the past six months was in late 2003, just before the economy took off. That boom was fueled by consumers, especially consumers using their home equity as ATM’s for depreciating assets or non-assets like vacations. No one expects a repeat of that foolishness again, especially since banks can’t really do what they did in 2005-2006. At the same time, lenders need a place to use cash and Fannie/Freddie are looking at ways to get 97% loan-to-value deals to “qualified” buyers to stimulate home ownership. That’s a huge mistake and is exactly how the housing bubble started. Perhaps we could trust the GSE’s to maintain strict standards but I would rather not.

Better that the next few quarters cool off if that is what is in the cards. the rest of the world is in a bad economic state, which makes investing in U. S. bonds or real estate very attractive. That’s a good thing for our economy.

More on USS Headquarters, Etc.

The decision to locate its headquarters in the new Uptown development put USSteel on the front pages again Monday. What stayed below the surface of what was an upbeat announcement was that its 18-year lease at the 268,000 sq. ft. building represents a relatively downbeat outlook for the steel maker, which currently leases 420,000 sq. ft. at 600 Grant Street. It’s probably safe to assume there are plans for growth to occur but the length of the smaller lease implies a smaller commitment to Pittsburgh.

Other than that minor negative note, the win is big for the Pens and Uptown. The redevelopment of the former arena site gets a significant anchor and the heart of the site gains a catalyst that might spark development of the adjacent mixed-use block while the residential portion gets underway in 2015. That’s a lot of activity in a short period of time, especially after the length of the planning cycle.

Clayco's rendering of the new USSteel headquarters.
Clayco’s rendering of the new USSteel headquarters.

Clayco expects to start in third quarter 2015. Its in-house architectural office, Forum Studio, will handle the design of the building. Discussion of the cost of the project has been nonexistent for some reason but the building should run $50 million or more. Given that it’s essentially a single-tenant building, the construction with fit-out could run a bit higher than $200/sq. ft.

In other news:

While there has been no formal announcement made, the design/build team for another anticipated project has been selected. The team of Trumbull Corp./Polivka has been chosen to do the $50 million inter-modal transit facility near McKees Rocks.

Today’s economic news was a surprising GDP report from the Dept. of Commerce. The government’s final estimate of GDP growth for the third quarter was revised upward to 3.9%. After a 4.6% gain in the second quarter, the U. S. economy is much stronger than even optimists predicted. The best news from the report for construction was the big jump in business investment of 7.1%.

Jobs and Wages

Friday’s jobs report was slightly below the estimates from analysts but still registered more than 200,000 new jobs for the ninth straight month and job growth in private sector for 56 consecutive months. The BLS data showed 214,000 new jobs across all sectors and unemployment declining to 5.8%. This data is on the heels of ADP’s report earlier this week of private payroll employment growth of 230,000 jobs in October.

job creation

Among economists there is a sentiment that the employment picture has hit a tipping point of momentum that will increase in 2015. There is another tipping point that is upon us as well; that is wage growth.

Throughout the job growth cycle of the past few years, wages have remained stuck behind the rate of inflation. This stagnation has a limiting effect on the spending and saving that consumers do. Since consumer spending has picked up to pre-recessionary levels, I’m left to conclude that savings has not followed, which is not a good thing.

As employment growth pushes unemployment towards the 5.5% threshold, a likely prospect in early 2015, demand for new workers will put irresistible pressure upward on wages. We are seeing this in construction already and the market needs to adjust its expectations. By market I mean owners of projects.

Competitive pressures have kept construction prices aggressive since 2009. Owners are beginning to see higher prices now, depending on what contractors they have asked for numbers. This is especially true in the specialty contractor segment. Construction projects are justified by a pro forma projection of return on investment that starts with the cost of the building at occupancy. Land prices have risen. Site costs have gone up more than inflation. Building costs are going to have to follow within the next 6-12 months. That means owners will have to adjust rents, the horizon for return on investment or the rate of return. If your pro forma is built upon 2013 or even 2014 prices, you may want to revisit it, or build sooner.

Rising wages are on balance a good thing. More workers making more money improves the business climate and the rationale behind the construction project in the first place. But there will probably be a balancing period while owners, contractors and occupants adjust their expectations. You can wish the market were not moving higher but markets dictate rather than follow.

Mid-summer News

The most recent economic data shows a U. S. economy in better shape and headed towards more robust growth throughout the remainder of 2014. Construction starts are up 6.6% year-over-year in May, unemployment declined again to 6.1% and even the big drop in GDP of 2.9% in the first quarter was shrugged off as an anomaly because of the weather. This last report bears closer examination, however.

Stuck in the data of the Bureau of Economic Analysis’s June 25 report was a detail on reduced consumer spending in the first quarter. When you pick it apart it becomes clear that consumers were actually spending in the places we commonly associate with consumer spending (retail, restaurants, appliances), even if the weather took the edge off. The red flag was a huge drop of roughly 30% in healthcare spending. While some of this can also be attributed to the weather (discretionary doctor’s visits pushed back), most of the decline is due to the impact of Obamacare.

In a slow bidding environment, a couple of opportunities stand out. 4Moms has asked Burchick, A. Martini & Co., MBM, Mosites & TEDCO to bid its 78,000 sq. ft. fitout in Elmhurst’s 912 Ft. Duquesne Blvd building. Pitt took CM proposals last Thursday for its $17 million Murtha Center at the Johnstown campus from Mascaro, Massaro, PJ Dick, Rycon & Volpatt. the Ligonier Valley YMCA is taking bids July 22 from A. Martini & Co., Dick Building Co. Jendoco, MBM, Turner & Volpatt on its $6 million addition. Millcraft/McKnight has selected Carl Walker Construction to build its parking garage and 25,000 sq. ft. retail center at the former Saks Fifth Avenue site.